ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:There are various methods used for mandibular reconstruction,but some problems still need to be solved.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the methods,research progress,and existing problems of mandibular reconstruction,and forecast the future development.METHODS:The "mandibular reconstruction,bone tissue engineering,prosthesis device,operative complications" in English and Chinese served as the keywords to search the articles related to the research progress of mandibular reconstruction published from 1985 to 2017 in PubMed,WanFang and CNKI databases.The classification of mandibular defects,reconstruction methods were summarized,and the existing difficulties and development direction were explored.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Totally 48 eligible articles were enrolled.Considering that mandibular defects are complicated,an appropriate classification method is crucial for mandibular reconstruction and treatment.Immediate reconstruction is recommended for mandibular defects caused by tumor resection,which has been shown to be available for the recovery of facial appearance and function.Non-vascularized and vascularized bone grafts are commonly used for mandibular reconstruction,but large surgical trauma,complications and difficulty in occlusal relationship still trouble clinical surgeons.Those emerging technologies,such as rapid prototyping,computer aided design and computer aided manufacture,not only enhance the surgical precision,but also remarkably reduce the operation time,further achieving satisfactory reconstructive effects.Tissue engineering is a promising method in the reconstruction of mandibular defects,and its combination with computer aided design and computer aided manufacture can perfectly restore the mandibular function and morphology.However,the long-term efficacy in the repair of mandibular defects needs to be studied in depth.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Miniscrews have been widely used as "absolute anchorage" in orthodontic treatment, but high shedding rate has been a major flaw. Factors associated with the miniscrew stability mainly include its own factors, surrounding inflammation, implant method, angle, position and loading time of miniscrews. OBJECTIVE: To review the factors affecting the stability of miniscrews reported at home and abroad in recent years.METHODS: The first author searched CNKI and PubMed using computer for relevant articles published in recent 4 years, and the keywords were "miniscrews, stability, orthodontic anchorage" in Chinese and English, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 52 articles were included. The surface modification of miniscrews effectively enhances bone binding capacity, and promotes bone regeneration, thereby improving the stability of miniscrews. The morphology, implanted angle and mode, bone density and load timing of miniscrews are closely related to the stability of miniscrews. Meanwhile, we should avoid damage to the root, nerves, blood vessels and maxillary sinus, and focus on the maintenance of postoperative healing.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Miniscrews have been widely used as "absolute anchorage" in orthodontic treatment, but high shedding rate has been a major flaw. Factors associated with the miniscrew stability mainly include its own factors, surrounding inflammation, implant method, angle, position and loading time of miniscrews. OBJECTIVE: To review the factors affecting the stability of miniscrews reported at home and abroad in recent years.METHODS: The first author searched CNKI and PubMed using computer for relevant articles published in recent 4 years, and the keywords were "miniscrews, stability, orthodontic anchorage" in Chinese and English, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 52 articles were included. The surface modification of miniscrews effectively enhances bone binding capacity, and promotes bone regeneration, thereby improving the stability of miniscrews. The morphology, implanted angle and mode, bone density and load timing of miniscrews are closely related to the stability of miniscrews. Meanwhile, we should avoid damage to the root, nerves, blood vessels and maxillary sinus, and focus on the maintenance of postoperative healing.